ℹ️ Supplement Guide

Browse all 100 supplements in our guide, organised by category. Each entry covers what the supplement does, who needs it, food sources, best forms, timing, and safety notes.

Evidence ratings

Strong — well-established by multiple high-quality studies. Moderate — good evidence but not unanimous. Limited — early-stage or mixed evidence. Emerging — frontier science, promising but not proven.

Food first

Every supplement page shows whole food sources before recommending a supplement — because food should always be the first answer.

💡 Nutriofia informs; it does not prescribe. Always consult a healthcare professional before starting a supplement, especially if you take medication.

💊 Supplement Guide

100 supplements — what they do, who needs them, food sources first, and when supplementing makes sense.

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Core Nutritional

33
Vitamin D3 — 10 µg (400 IU)
strong
Vitamin D is essential for calcium absorption, bone mineralisation, immune function, and muscle strength. It also pla…
Vitamin D3 — 25 µg (1,000 IU)
strong
Same biological role as the 10 µg dose — calcium absorption, bone health, immune function, mood regulation. The 25 µg…
Vitamin B12 — Cyanocobalamin 1,000 µg
strong
Vitamin B12 is essential for the formation of red blood cells, the maintenance of the nervous system, and DNA synthes…
Vitamin B12 — Methylcobalamin 1,000 µg
strong
Same essential role as cyanocobalamin — red blood cell formation, nervous system maintenance, DNA synthesis. Methylco…
Algae Omega-3 (DHA + EPA) — 250 mg combined
strong
EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid) and DHA (docosahexaenoic acid) are long-chain omega-3 fatty acids that play critical role…
Algae Omega-3 (DHA + EPA) — 500 mg combined
strong
Same role as the 250 mg dose — brain health, cardiovascular protection, anti-inflammatory, eye health, pregnancy supp…
Iodine — 150 µg
strong
Iodine is essential for the production of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4), which regulate metabolism, growth, brain deve…
Iron — Ferrous Bisglycinate 14 mg
strong
Iron is required for the production of haemoglobin (the protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen) and myoglobin…
Zinc — 10 mg
strong
Zinc is involved in over 300 enzymatic reactions in the body. It is essential for immune function, wound healing, pro…
Magnesium Glycinate — 200 mg
strong
Magnesium participates in over 600 enzymatic reactions including energy production, protein synthesis, muscle and ner…
Calcium Carbonate — 500 mg
moderate
Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body — 99% is stored in bones and teeth, providing structural strength. T…
Folate (Folic Acid) — 400 µg
strong
Folate (vitamin B9) is essential for DNA synthesis and cell division, making it critically important during periods o…
Selenium — 55 µg
strong
Selenium is a trace mineral that functions primarily as a component of selenoproteins — a family of enzymes involved …
Vitamin K2 (MK-7) — 100 µg
moderate
Vitamin K2 (menaquinone) directs calcium to bones and teeth and away from soft tissues and arteries, working in close…
Daily Multivitamin
moderate
A daily multivitamin provides a broad-spectrum combination of vitamins and minerals in a single tablet or capsule. It…
Vitamin C — 500 mg
strong
Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is a water-soluble antioxidant essential for collagen synthesis, immune function, iron abso…
Vitamin B6 — 10 mg
strong
Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) is a water-soluble vitamin involved in over 100 enzymatic reactions, primarily in protein met…
Vitamin A — 800 µg (as beta-carotene)
strong
Vitamin A is a fat-soluble vitamin essential for vision (particularly night vision and the maintenance of the cornea)…
Vitamin E — 134 mg (200 IU)
moderate
Vitamin E is a fat-soluble antioxidant that protects cell membranes from oxidative damage by neutralising free radica…
Choline — 250 mg
moderate
Choline is an essential nutrient (conditionally essential — the body can synthesise small amounts but not enough to m…
Copper — 1 mg
moderate
Copper is an essential trace mineral required for iron metabolism (copper is needed to mobilise iron from storage), f…
Manganese — 2 mg
limited
Manganese is a trace mineral that functions as a cofactor for numerous enzymes including manganese superoxide dismuta…
Chromium — 200 µg
moderate
Chromium is a trace mineral that enhances the action of insulin, facilitating glucose uptake into cells. It is often …
Boron — 3 mg
moderate
Boron is an ultra-trace mineral that has emerged as important for bone health, joint health, and hormone metabolism. …
Vitamin B1 (Thiamine) — 50 mg
strong
Thiamine (vitamin B1) is essential for carbohydrate metabolism and energy production — it is a cofactor for enzymes t…
Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin) — 10 mg
strong
Riboflavin (vitamin B2) is essential for energy metabolism — it is a component of FAD and FMN, coenzymes central to t…
Vitamin B3 (Niacin) — 50 mg
strong
Niacin (vitamin B3) exists as nicotinic acid and nicotinamide (niacinamide). It is essential for energy metabolism as…
Vitamin B5 (Pantothenic Acid) — 50 mg
strong
Pantothenic acid (vitamin B5) is essential for the synthesis of coenzyme A (CoA) — a central molecule in energy metab…
Vitamin D3 + K2 Combination
strong
A combined D3 and K2 supplement addresses the two most important fat-soluble vitamins that work synergistically for b…
Magnesium L-Threonate — 144 mg elemental
moderate
Magnesium L-threonate is a patented magnesium compound developed specifically to increase magnesium levels in the bra…
Potassium — 200 mg
moderate
Potassium is the primary intracellular electrolyte, essential for nerve signalling, muscle contraction, heart rhythm,…
B-Complex (Complete)
strong
A B-complex supplement provides all eight B vitamins in a single formulation: B1 (thiamine), B2 (riboflavin), B3 (nia…
Magnesium Taurate — 125 mg elemental
moderate
Magnesium taurate combines magnesium with taurine — both compounds have cardiovascular and calming properties. Taurin…
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Herbal & Adaptogenic

29
Ashwagandha (KSM-66) — 300 mg
strong
Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) is an adaptogenic herb — meaning it helps the body resist physical and psychological…
Turmeric / Curcumin — 500 mg
moderate
Curcumin is the primary active compound in turmeric (Curcuma longa), the yellow spice central to South Asian cuisine.…
Ginger Extract — 500 mg
strong
Ginger (Zingiber officinale) has a long history of medicinal use, with the strongest clinical evidence for nausea and…
Lion's Mane Mushroom — 500 mg
emerging
Lion's Mane (Hericium erinaceus) is a culinary and medicinal mushroom with a distinctive cascading white appearance. …
Reishi Mushroom — 500 mg
moderate
Reishi (Ganoderma lucidum) — known as the "mushroom of immortality" in traditional Chinese medicine — contains beta-g…
Milk Thistle (Silymarin) — 150 mg
moderate
Milk thistle (Silybum marianum) is a flowering plant whose seeds contain silymarin — a complex of flavonolignans (pri…
Ashwagandha (KSM-66) — 600 mg
strong
Same biological role as the 300 mg dose — adaptogenic stress reduction, cortisol lowering, sleep quality improvement,…
Rhodiola Rosea — 200 mg
strong
Rhodiola rosea is an adaptogenic herb from high-altitude regions of Europe and Asia with a well-developed evidence ba…
Holy Basil (Tulsi) — 300 mg
moderate
Holy basil (Ocimum tenuiflorum, also known as tulsi) is a sacred plant in Ayurvedic medicine with adaptogenic, anti-i…
Maca Root — 500 mg
moderate
Maca (Lepidium meyenii) is a root vegetable native to the high Andes of Peru, used for thousands of years as a food a…
Spirulina — 3 g
moderate
Spirulina is a blue-green microalgae (cyanobacterium) that is approximately 60–70% protein by dry weight and contains…
Chlorella — 3 g
limited
Chlorella is a single-celled green freshwater algae containing approximately 50–60% protein, chlorophyll (among the h…
Elderberry Extract — 600 mg
moderate
Elderberry (Sambucus nigra) extract contains anthocyanins — powerful antioxidant flavonoids that have demonstrated an…
Echinacea — 400 mg
strong
Echinacea is one of the most widely used and studied herbal supplements globally, with a long history of use in tradi…
Ginkgo Biloba — 120 mg
strong
Ginkgo biloba is one of the most extensively studied herbal medicines. Its active compounds (flavone glycosides and t…
Bacopa Monnieri — 300 mg
strong
Bacopa monnieri is an Ayurvedic herb (also known as Brahmi) with a unique mechanism of action among cognitive supplem…
Lion's Mane — 1,000 mg
emerging
Same mechanism and applications as the 500 mg Lion's Mane entry — NGF stimulation, cognitive support, potential nerve…
Saffron Extract — 30 mg
strong
Saffron (Crocus sativus) is the most expensive spice in the world, harvested from the stigmas of the saffron crocus. …
Lemon Balm Extract — 300 mg
moderate
Lemon balm (Melissa officinalis) is a calming herb from the mint family with evidence for reducing anxiety, improving…
Valerian Root — 400 mg
moderate
Valerian (Valeriana officinalis) root has been used as a sleep remedy for over 2,000 years. Its active compounds (val…
Passionflower Extract — 250 mg
moderate
Passionflower (Passiflora incarnata) is a climbing vine whose aerial parts have been used traditionally for anxiety a…
Black Seed Oil (Nigella Sativa) — 500 mg
moderate
Black seed (Nigella sativa, also called black cumin or kalonji) has been used in traditional medicine across the Midd…
Moringa Leaf Powder — 500 mg
moderate
Moringa (Moringa oleifera) is a fast-growing tree native to South Asia whose leaves are extraordinarily nutrient-dens…
St John's Wort — 300 mg
strong
St John's Wort (Hypericum perforatum) is one of the most extensively clinically studied herbal medicines for depressi…
Cat's Claw (Una de Gato) — 500 mg
limited
Cat's Claw (Uncaria tomentosa) is a woody vine from the Amazon rainforest whose bark and root contain oxindole alkalo…
Pau d'Arco — 500 mg
limited
Pau d'Arco (Tabebuia impetiginosa or Handroanthus impetiginosus) is a hardwood tree from South America whose inner ba…
L-Theanine — 200 mg
strong
L-theanine is an amino acid found almost exclusively in green tea leaves. It promotes alpha brain wave activity — the…
Aged Garlic Extract — 600 mg
strong
Aged garlic extract (AGE) is produced by ageing raw garlic in an aqueous ethanol solution for up to 20 months, conver…
Turmeric + Ginger Complex
moderate
A combined turmeric and ginger supplement harnesses the synergistic anti-inflammatory effects of both plants in a sin…
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Sports & Performance

7
Beta-Alanine — 1,600 mg
strong
Beta-alanine is a non-essential amino acid that combines with histidine in muscle tissue to form carnosine — a dipept…
L-Carnitine — 500 mg
moderate
L-carnitine is a naturally occurring compound (synthesised from lysine and methionine) that plays a key role in trans…
BCAAs / Leucine
moderate
Branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) — leucine, isoleucine, and valine — are essential amino acids that cannot be synth…
Caffeine + L-Theanine (100mg + 200mg)
strong
The caffeine and L-theanine combination is the most well-evidenced nootropic stack in existence. Caffeine alone impro…
L-Glutamine — 5 g
moderate
L-glutamine is the most abundant amino acid in the body and the primary fuel source for intestinal cells (enterocytes…
Taurine — 1,000 mg
strong
Taurine is an amino sulphonic acid (technically not a standard amino acid) found abundantly in the heart, brain, eyes…
Electrolyte Blend
strong
Electrolytes are minerals that carry an electrical charge and are essential for nerve conduction, muscle contraction,…
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Specialist & Longevity

26
CoQ10 (Ubiquinol) — 100 mg
strong
Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is a fat-soluble compound found in virtually every cell, playing a central role in the mitochond…
Alpha Lipoic Acid (ALA) — 300 mg
strong
Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) is a naturally occurring compound that functions as both a fat-soluble and water-soluble anti…
NAC (N-Acetyl Cysteine) — 600 mg
moderate
N-Acetyl Cysteine (NAC) is a derivative of the amino acid cysteine and the primary precursor to glutathione — the bod…
Quercetin — 500 mg
moderate
Quercetin is one of the most abundant flavonoid compounds in the plant kingdom, found widely in onions, apples, berri…
Resveratrol — 200 mg
limited
Resveratrol is a polyphenol stilbene compound produced by plants under stress (fungal attack, UV exposure). It is fou…
Berberine — 500 mg
strong
Berberine is an alkaloid compound found in several plants including barberry, goldenseal, and tree turmeric. It has a…
Silica (Horsetail Extract)
limited
Silicon (as dietary silica or orthosilicic acid) plays a role in bone mineralisation, collagen synthesis, and skin, h…
Vitamin B7 (Biotin) — 1000 µg
limited
Biotin (vitamin B7) is a water-soluble B vitamin essential as a cofactor for five carboxylase enzymes involved in glu…
NMN (Nicotinamide Mononucleotide) — 250 mg
emerging
NMN (nicotinamide mononucleotide) is a direct precursor to NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) — a coenzyme cent…
Melatonin — 0.5 mg
strong
Melatonin is a hormone produced naturally by the pineal gland in response to darkness — it is the primary signal to t…
Phosphatidylserine — 100 mg
moderate
Phosphatidylserine (PS) is a phospholipid component of cell membranes, particularly concentrated in brain neurons. It…
Pine Bark Extract (Pycnogenol) — 50 mg
strong
Pycnogenol (French maritime pine bark extract) is a standardised mixture of oligomeric proanthocyanidins (OPCs) — pow…
Astaxanthin — 4 mg
moderate
Astaxanthin is a carotenoid pigment responsible for the pink colour of salmon, flamingos, and shrimp. It is produced …
Ubiquinol (CoQ10 reduced form) — 100 mg
strong
Ubiquinol is the reduced (active) form of CoQ10 — the form that actually performs antioxidant functions within cell m…
Lithium Orotate — 5 mg
emerging
Low-dose lithium orotate is entirely different from prescription lithium carbonate used for bipolar disorder — the do…
5-HTP — 100 mg
moderate
5-Hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) is a direct precursor to serotonin — one step closer to serotonin in the biosynthetic pat…
GABA — 500 mg
moderate
GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) is the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain — it reduces neuronal excitabi…
Myo-Inositol — 2,000 mg
strong
Myo-inositol is a naturally occurring sugar alcohol that acts as a secondary messenger in insulin signalling and is i…
Dihydroberberine — 100 mg
strong
Dihydroberberine (DHB) is a reduced form of berberine — the same compound found in barberry and goldenseal — with dra…
Apigenin — 50 mg
emerging
Apigenin is a flavonoid found in chamomile, parsley, and celery with multiple biological effects: it acts as a mild a…
Fisetin — 100 mg
emerging
Fisetin is a flavonoid found in strawberries, apples, and persimmons with emerging evidence as a senolytic — a compou…
Spermidine — 1 mg
emerging
Spermidine is a polyamine compound produced naturally by the body and found in many foods, particularly wheat germ. I…
Beta-Glucan — 250 mg
strong
Beta-glucans are polysaccharide fibres found in the cell walls of oats, barley, mushrooms, and yeast. Different sourc…
Bovine Colostrum — 500 mg
moderate
Bovine colostrum is the first milk produced by cows after calving, containing high concentrations of immunoglobulins …
Lactoferrin — 200 mg
moderate
Lactoferrin is an iron-binding glycoprotein found in milk, colostrum, tears, saliva, and other secretions, playing a …
Pterostilbene — 50 mg
emerging
Pterostilbene is a naturally occurring stilbene compound found in blueberries and grapes — structurally similar to re…
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Digestive & Gut Health

3
Daily Probiotic
moderate
Probiotics are live microorganisms that, when taken in adequate amounts, confer a health benefit on the host. They su…
Digestive Enzyme Complex
moderate
Digestive enzymes are proteins produced naturally by the pancreas, stomach lining, and small intestine to break down …
Prebiotic Fibre (FOS/Inulin)
moderate
Prebiotics are non-digestible food components (primarily specific fibres) that selectively feed beneficial bacteria i…

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